- New foreign exchange regulation


The Central Bank of Iceland guidelines from early October on temporary
modifications in currency outflow have been revoked. The guidelines were
adopted in the wake of the failure of three commercial banks and the ensuing
market disturbances. Thereafter, the Central Bank began trading foreign
currency from its foreign exchange reserves through daily auctions designed to
facilitate foreign exchange business that had been obstructed due to
difficulties in payment intermediation and other causes. The revocation of the
guidelines means that there are no longer restrictions on current account
related transactions. 

Last week the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund approved a
Stand-By Arrangement for Iceland. The economic program entails continuing
restrictions on movement of capital between Iceland and other countries and the
subsequent lifting of those restrictions as soon as an sufficient stability has
returned to the foreign exchange market. Parliament has passed a legislative
bill from the Minister of Business Affairs, amending the Foreign Exchange Act
of 1992. This new Act authorises the Central Bank, upon consultation with the
Minister, to adopt rules restricting cross-border movement of capital. This
authorisation has now been utilised, and the Central Bank will issue on its
website Rules on Foreign Exchange based on the authority contained in the new
Act. 

The aim of the Rules is to maintain restrictions on capital outflows that could
have a negative impact on the reconstruction of the foreign exchange market.
The Rules stipulate that those who acquire foreign currency must submit it to a
domestic financial institution; however, such foreign currency may be deposited
to a foreign currency account in such an institution. Restrictions are placed
on movement of capital by parties intending to exchange Icelandic krónur for
foreign currency. 

Furthermore, the Rules prohibit trading between domestic and foreign parties in
domestic securities and other króna-denominated financial instruments. Foreign
parties are prohibited from purchasing króna-denominated securities through the
intermediation of domestic parties, unless they already own króna denominated
assets that can be used for this purpose. Furthermore, foreign parties are
prohibited from issuing securities in Iceland. Domestic parties are also
prohibited from investing in foreign securities. Foreign borrowings, provision
of guarantees to foreign parties, and derivatives transactions unrelated to
trading of goods and services are restricted or prohibited, as are loans
granted by domestic parties to foreign parties. 

It should be noted that an auction of Treasury notes will be held during the
first week of December. Foreign parties owning Treasury notes on the maturity
date, December 12, 2008, may reinvest the proceeds in new Treasury notes. 

It is emphasised that all current account restrictions on foreign exchange
transactions have been abolished. The restrictions now adopted on the basis of
the newly passed legislation include foreign exchange transactions related to
movement of capital between Iceland and other countries. These restrictions are
an necessary part of the measures intended to restore stability in the foreign
exchange market. They will be lifted as soon as circumstances allow.