(A) IL-6 suppression and (B) TNF-α suppression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with increasing concentrations of NurExone EVs. Cytokine concentrations in culture supernatants are expressed as percentages of the LPS-stimulated control (mean ± standard deviation). Each dot represents the mean response of a different production batch (three batches in total, N=3). Dexamethasone was included as a positive control.
(A) IL-6 suppression and (B) TNF-α suppression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with increasing concentrations of NurExone EVs. Cytokine concentrations in culture supernatants are expressed as percentages of the LPS-stimulated control (mean ± standard deviation). Each dot represents the mean response of a different production batch (three batches in total, N=3). Dexamethasone was included as a positive control.