MIAMI, Aug. 3, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Although it's human instinct to help a female dog in labor, most dams are capable of whelping and caring for their newborns all by themselves. However, there are times when human assistance is required in order to prevent brain damage, physical deformities, or even death. petMD.com has pulled together the following tips to help pet owners know when it's time to step in during the whelping process.

1. A Puppy Becomes Stuck: When a dam begins to whelp, the process can take anywhere from 6 to 12 hours, with several non-contracting hours in between passing puppies. During this time, it is possible that fluids secreted by the dam for previous puppies may dry up, making it difficult for the puppies still in the womb to pass. When this occurs, apply some sterile lubricating jelly to the outside of the birth canal to help the other puppies exit the womb.
2. Dam Does Not Remove Birth Membrane: Although most dams will remove the birthing membrane surrounding a newborn puppy immediately after birth, they sometimes do not. If the dam has not removed the birthing membrane within sixty seconds after birth, gently pinch the membrane surrounding the puppy with your thumb and forefinger and pull it away. Failure to do so can result in brain injury or death.
3. Dam does Not Eat Afterbirth: While it is common for mammals to eat their afterbirth, it is not necessary that they do so, and indulging in an excess of it can actually result in GI issues. If the new mother does not attempt to chew the umbilical cord off of her newborn, use a pair of sterile scissors to cut the cord an inch away from the puppy's body.
4. Dam Does Not Clean Puppy: Sometimes, a dog in labor will not clean her puppy after the birthing membrane has been broken. If this occurs, take a clean towel and gently rub the newborn clean. Doing so will stimulate his lungs. Once the puppy is cleaned, place him near his mother so that he can begin nursing.
5. Contractions Stop: It is normal for a dam to give birth to a puppy and then have a period of time pass before she gives birth to another. If a dam's contractions stop for a few hours and there are more puppies in utero, taking her for a brisk walk outside can help stimulate the uterus to contract.

Prior to whelping, pet owners should make regular appointments with their dog's veterinarian in order to examine the dam's pregnancy, as well as determine the size and number of puppies in the litter. It is also important for pet owners to contact their veterinarian every 15 minutes with updates once the dam begins to whelp. Doing so can help owners identify problematic situations and address them immediately, potentially saving both the dam and newborn puppies.

Media Contact: Kelly Lange, 610-234-4114, klange@pet360.com

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